Metallographic sample preparation and observation - Xinkang scientific research material manufacturer

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Metallographic sample preparation and observation

Time：2021-11-09 Author：Changsha Xinkang scientific research material service platform

Metallographic sample preparation and observation is a branch of materials science that analyzes, studies and characterizes the microstructure, low-power structure and fracture structure of materials by means of analytical instruments such as metallographic microscopes, magnifying glasses and low-power microscopes, including the three-dimensional microstructure of materials. Imaging and its qualitative and quantitative characterization, including necessary sample preparation, preparation, and sampling methods.

Sampling principle
The selected sample must be representative of the properties of the parent
According to the technical process or treatment of the metal material or parts to be inspected, the purpose of inspection, and the technical agreement between the two parties, the intercepted position of the metallographic sample should also be changed accordingly. The size of the sample should be that the grinding surface area is less than 20mm2 and the height is 15-20mm.

材料取样

The selected sample must be representative of the properties of the parent

According to the technical process or processing of the metal material or parts to be inspected, the purpose of inspection, and the technical agreement between the two parties, the interception position of the metallographic sample should also be changed accordingly. The size of the sample should be that the grinding surface area is less than 20mm2 and the height is 15-20mm.

Preparation of metallographic samples

cut

It can be cut by hand saw, grinding wheel cutting machine, micro-cutting sheet, chemical cutting device, EDM cutting machine, shearing, sawing, planing, turning, milling, etc., and can also be cut by gas cutting if necessary. Brittle and hard samples can be sampled by hammering. Regardless of the sampling method, care should be taken to avoid the effect of the interception method on the tissue, such as deformation, overheating, etc.

mosaic

There are three types of inlay methods, pressurized hot inlay is referred to as hot inlay, poured cold inlay is referred to as cold inlay, and mechanical blessing.

Hot inlay, the thermoplastic forming temperature is around 150°C, which generally does not affect the metallographic structure of the sample, but it is not suitable for quenched steel. Hot mounting has high quality, uniform size and shape, saving time and economy.

In cold mounting, the sample is placed in a model and mounted using chemical catalysis. Convenient and flexible, suitable for samples of various shapes.

Mechanical clamping, insert the sample into the steel ring or steel clamp, and make the sample closely contact with the steel ring or steel clamp, and the hardness of the clamp should be close to the hardness of the sample.

polished

In the three stages of preparation, the flattening stage, the surface to be observed of the sample is flat; the polishing stage, the deformation damage on the surface of the sample is removed so that it does not affect the observed real structure of the sample; the polishing stage, the residual fine grinding is removed. mark.

polishing

Polishing is the last step in the preparation of the sample, which removes the fine wear marks on the surface and becomes a smooth and flawless mirror surface. Polishing includes mechanical polishing, electrolytic polishing and chemical polishing.

corrosion

To selectively dissolve some parts of the surface of the sample to reveal the details of the structure and produce appropriate contrast. For example, grains and grain boundaries; grains with different orientations; different phases; phases with uneven composition (segregation), etc. .

Metallographic observation
The microstructure observation of the sample through a professional metallographic microscope is the most commonly used observation method, which can clearly and truly display a variety of different microstructures, and the grains can be graded through the software.

We have professional metallographic sample preparation tools and metallographic microscopic observation equipment, which can be used for photographing and grading of samples. If you have higher-level needs such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), you can also contact us!

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